Open heart surgery is one of the most common major surgical procedures performed worldwide, with hundreds of thousands of operations carried out each year. Whether it's coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), valve repair, or another cardiac procedure, the surgery typically requires a median sternotomy — a vertical incision through the breastbone (sternum) to access the heart.
While surgical techniques have advanced dramatically, one thing remains constant: the sternum needs time and proper support to heal. That's where a sternum brace comes in. In this guide, we'll walk through everything you need to know about sternum support braces, how they aid recovery, and how to choose the right chest support for your situation.
What Is a Sternum Brace?
A sternum brace (also called a sternum support brace, chest brace, or post-surgical chest vest) is a medical device designed to stabilize the breastbone and surrounding rib cage after surgery or injury. It wraps around the torso and applies gentle, even compression to keep the two halves of the divided sternum aligned as they heal.
Think of it like a cast for a broken arm — except instead of rigid plaster, a sternum support brace uses adjustable compression panels and breathable materials to protect the healing bone while still allowing you to breathe comfortably and move through daily activities.
Modern sternum braces are far more comfortable and functional than older designs. Products like the ORTONYX Sternum and Thorax Support Chest Brace use lightweight, breathable fabrics with adjustable closures that let patients fine-tune the level of compression as their recovery progresses.
Why Is Chest Support Important After Heart Surgery?
During a median sternotomy, the surgeon divides the sternum lengthwise using a specialized saw, then wires it back together at the end of the procedure. The bone typically takes 6 to 8 weeks to heal — and during that entire period, every cough, sneeze, laugh, or sudden movement can stress the healing site.
Here's why proper chest support matters so much during this window:
Sternal Stability and Alignment
The wired sternum needs to remain aligned for the bone to fuse properly. A sternum brace provides external stabilization that supplements the internal wires, reducing the risk of sternal dehiscence (separation of the bone halves). Research has shown that external chest support can significantly reduce sternal micromotion — the tiny shifts that slow healing.
Pain Management
Post-surgical chest pain is one of the most common complaints after heart surgery. A well-fitted chest support brace distributes pressure evenly across the thorax, which can reduce pain during movement, deep breathing, and coughing. Many patients report that wearing a sternum brace allows them to reduce their reliance on pain medications sooner.
Confidence in Movement
Fear of "popping" the sternal wires or re-injuring the incision site is real and common. A sternum support brace provides a psychological as well as physical sense of security, encouraging patients to move, walk, and participate in cardiac rehabilitation — all of which are critical for recovery.
Cough Support
Coughing after heart surgery is both necessary (to clear the lungs and prevent pneumonia) and dreaded (because it hurts). Holding a pillow against the chest is the traditional approach, but a sternum brace provides continuous, hands-free support that protects the incision site every time you cough — day or night.
Who Needs a Sternum Brace?
Sternum braces are most commonly recommended for:
- Open heart surgery patients — Anyone who has undergone a median sternotomy, including CABG, valve replacement or repair, heart transplant, or aortic surgery
- Patients with sternal instability — Those who develop movement or clicking at the sternal incision site during recovery
- Higher-risk patients — People with diabetes, obesity, osteoporosis, COPD, or chronic cough, who face elevated risk of sternal complications
- Rib fracture patients — A rib and chest support brace can also stabilize fractured ribs, whether from trauma, severe coughing, or osteoporotic compression
- Patients with costochondritis or chest wall pain — Compression and support can help manage chronic musculoskeletal chest conditions
Your cardiothoracic surgeon or primary care physician can advise whether a sternum brace is appropriate for your specific situation.
Types of Chest Support Braces
Not all chest braces are created equal. The right choice depends on your specific condition and needs.
Post-Surgical Sternum and Thorax Vests
These are purpose-built for sternum brace after heart surgery use. They typically feature a vest-like design that wraps around the entire torso with adjustable front or side closures. The ORTONYX Sternum and Thorax Support Chest Brace / Open Heart Post Surgery Recovery Vest is a good example — it provides circumferential compression specifically designed for sternal stabilization after open heart procedures, with a design that accommodates surgical dressings and drainage sites.
Rib and Chest Support Braces
These braces focus on the rib cage and are useful for rib fractures, intercostal muscle strains, and general chest wall support. They're typically belt-style wraps that provide targeted compression around the lower thorax.
For patients who need structured rib support, the ORTONYX Rib and Chest Support Brace with Front Stay features a built-in anterior stay that adds rigidity along the front of the chest, providing enhanced stabilization. For a more flexible option, the ORTONYX 6.25" Rib and Chest Support Brace offers comfortable compression in a lower-profile design.
Choosing Between Them
As a general guideline:
- After sternotomy / open heart surgery → A full sternum and thorax support vest
- For rib fractures or chest wall injuries → A rib and chest support brace
- For chronic chest pain or costochondritis → Either style, depending on the location of pain
When in doubt, consult your healthcare provider for a personalized recommendation.
What to Look for in a Sternum Support Brace
If you've been advised to wear a chest support brace, here are the key features to evaluate:
Adjustable Compression
Your need for compression will change as you heal. Look for braces with hook-and-loop (Velcro) closures or adjustable straps that let you modify the fit without buying a new brace. You should be able to achieve firm but comfortable pressure — tight enough to feel supported, but never so tight that it restricts breathing.
Breathable Materials
You'll likely be wearing the brace for weeks or even months. Breathable, moisture-wicking fabric is essential for comfort and skin health. Avoid braces that trap heat, especially if you live in a warm climate or tend to perspire.
Proper Sizing
A sternum brace that's too loose won't provide adequate stabilization. One that's too tight can restrict breathing and cause skin irritation. Measure your chest circumference carefully and follow the manufacturer's sizing chart. Most quality braces come in multiple sizes to ensure a proper fit.
Ease of Use
After heart surgery, your mobility and upper body strength will be limited. The brace should be easy to put on and take off without requiring you to raise your arms overhead or reach behind your back. Front-closure designs are generally the most practical for post-surgical patients.
Washability
Hygiene matters, especially around a healing surgical incision. Choose a brace that can be easily hand-washed or machine-washed and dried without losing its shape or compression properties.
How to Wear a Sternum Brace: Tips for Recovery
Getting the most benefit from your sternum brace requires wearing it correctly and consistently. Here are some practical tips:
- Follow your surgeon's instructions — Your doctor will advise when to start wearing the brace, how long to wear it each day, and when to discontinue use
- Wear it over a thin cotton undershirt — This protects your skin, absorbs moisture, and prevents the brace from irritating the surgical incision
- Adjust throughout the day — The brace may shift as you move. Readjust as needed to maintain even compression centered over the sternum
- Wear it at night initially — Many patients find nighttime support especially helpful in the first few weeks, when rolling over in bed can cause significant sternal pain
- Don't overtighten — You should be able to take a full, deep breath while wearing the brace. If you can't, it's too tight
- Keep the skin clean and dry — Remove the brace at least once daily to inspect your skin and surgical site, clean the area, and let the skin air out
- Combine with sternal precautions — A brace supplements, but doesn't replace, sternal precautions like avoiding lifting heavy objects, not pushing or pulling with your arms, and using the "log roll" technique to get out of bed
Sternum Healing Timeline: What to Expect
Understanding the typical healing timeline helps set realistic expectations:
- Weeks 1–2: The incision is fresh, pain is significant, and the sternum is at its most vulnerable. Chest support is critical during this phase. Most patients wear the brace nearly full-time.
- Weeks 3–6: The bone is actively knitting together. Pain gradually decreases, but the sternum is still not fully healed. Continued brace use during activity and at night is common.
- Weeks 6–8: Most patients achieve functional sternal healing by this point. Your surgeon may clear you to begin tapering brace use.
- Weeks 8–12: Full bone consolidation occurs. Many patients phase out the brace entirely, though some continue wearing it during vigorous activities for added security.
Keep in mind that individual healing times vary. Factors like age, bone density, diabetes, smoking status, and overall health all influence how quickly your sternum heals.
When to See a Doctor
While a sternum brace supports normal recovery, it's important to recognize signs that require medical attention. Contact your surgeon or seek immediate care if you experience:
- Clicking, popping, or shifting in the sternum — This may indicate sternal dehiscence or wire loosening
- Increased redness, warmth, or swelling around the incision — These are signs of possible infection
- Drainage or oozing from the surgical wound, especially if it's cloudy, foul-smelling, or increasing
- Fever above 101°F (38.3°C) — May indicate a deep sternal wound infection, which is a serious complication
- Sudden increase in chest pain that isn't related to activity or isn't relieved by rest and your brace
- Difficulty breathing that worsens or doesn't improve with position changes
- Chest pain with shortness of breath and lightheadedness — These symptoms together may signal a cardiac issue
A sternum brace is a supportive tool, not a treatment. If something doesn't feel right during your recovery, always err on the side of caution and consult your healthcare team.
Frequently Asked Questions About Sternum Braces
How long do I need to wear a sternum brace after heart surgery?
Most surgeons recommend wearing a sternum brace after heart surgery for 6 to 8 weeks, which corresponds to the typical sternal bone healing period. However, your doctor may adjust this timeline based on your individual recovery progress. Some patients with risk factors for delayed healing may wear the brace longer.
Can I sleep in a sternum brace?
Yes, and many patients find it helpful. A sternum support brace worn at night prevents the sternal halves from shifting when you roll over, reducing pain and protecting the healing bone. Use a comfortable, breathable brace and avoid overtightening for sleep.
Will insurance cover a sternum brace?
Coverage varies by plan and provider. Some insurance plans cover durable medical equipment (DME) like chest braces when prescribed by a physician. Check with your insurance provider and ask your surgeon's office for a prescription and any necessary documentation.
Can I wear a sternum brace for rib fractures?
Yes. While the traditional approach to rib fractures was to avoid compression, current evidence supports the use of a rib and chest support brace for pain management and stabilization. A well-fitted brace can reduce pain during breathing and movement, helping you stay active and reducing the risk of pulmonary complications like pneumonia.
Is a sternum brace the same as a rib belt?
Not exactly. A rib belt typically covers the lower chest and is designed for rib injuries. A sternum brace or thorax support vest provides more comprehensive coverage, including the upper chest and sternal area. For post-sternotomy patients, a full sternum and thorax vest like the ORTONYX Open Heart Post Surgery Recovery Vest is more appropriate than a simple rib belt.
Supporting Your Recovery
Recovery from heart surgery is a journey that requires patience, proper medical care, and the right supportive tools. A well-chosen sternum support brace can make a meaningful difference in your comfort, confidence, and healing outcomes during those critical first weeks and months.
Whether you're preparing for upcoming surgery, currently in recovery, or supporting a loved one through the process, understanding the role of chest support is an important part of being an informed and proactive patient.
This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult your physician or cardiothoracic surgeon regarding your specific recovery plan and whether a sternum brace is appropriate for you.
